406 Not Acceptable

As ASUS are making a move to sell the Eee Pc with XP, I thought I’d post something to show that there’s nothing wrong with Linux — even for Windows novices. I, and many others, feel that ASUS simply chose the wrong distribution of Linux to ship with the Eee Pc. Xandros may be very much like Windows, but it has a relatively small user base and little support. Leaving ASUS to deal with the vast challenge of providing adiquate customer support for new Linux users, as there is no-where else for customers to go. In addition, the inadiquacy of the operating system mean opensource customised version of a popular distribution like Ubuntu in the first place. It’s strange why Everex have decided to fall into the same trap as ASUS.
The following text is from a review of the ASUS Eee Pc in general, eeeXubuntu, and the installation process, by Wyowind. The original source is from the EeeUser forums.

I have just received my black Eee PC 4G Galaxy and I am very very impressed. I bought it to be able to view some work related reference materials and stay in touch with my employer for work assignments. It seems like it will do a lot more.

It feels very sturdy. Heavier than I thought it would feel. The screen is small but I knew what it would be like from looking at some DVD players before I purchased it. It booted quickly! I didnt time it but it seemed very fast.

Like a lot of folks here I was planning on replacing the default O/S with somehing differnent. I did my research on what was available and even played with some of the live distro’s on my winPC before I picked one to try on my Eee. EeeXubuntu (r3) had about everything I would need, and the feel of an MS operating system that I was used to. I have found that a lot of the things work the same but have different names.

A disclaimer before I continue, I have never used Linux before in m life. I have some friends that use it and have always wanted to give it a try but never got around to it. I have used many versions of MS Windows for about 10 years now and consider myslf a novice user at best.

After playing with, and trashing, the xandros distro that came installed in both beginner and advanced modes I was ready to put EeeXubutu on. (This is a learning proccess for me)

I installed EeeXubuntu onto a 2GB thumbdrive just like the wiki instructed and it worked flawlessly. I booted it up on my Eee and played with it for about and hour and figured I was ready to wipe out my hard drive and install it.

The install was very straight forward at first. Pick a primary language and timezone then the partition/format section came up. I was lost for a while because I couldnt remember reading much about how to partition/format using the installation program. All I had to do was about 10 minutes of reading to figure it out. Long story short, you have to select manual and go though each aspect of the drives you have. There is plenty of help scattered throughout the forum on this. A suggestion for the guys that maintain the wiki is maybe you could put a more indepth guide for beginners to this proccess in the EeeXubuntu installation guide. Anyway, after I figured out how to setup for format I moved on to the next section.

(A tip for new people that havent used Linux before, choose a password with more than 6 characters. I found this out the hard way. It seems that if your password is too short it dosent allow you full access to edit things in root. This might be common knowledge to people familiar with linux but it took me a while to figure it out. One I did then everything else went smooth)

After I entered my personal info and password I was ready to install. The next part was fully automatic. It took about 20 minutes total time and was trouble free.

I booted up for the first time and it worked great. Imediately the update manager told me there were some 111 updates available. I had to manually connect to my wireless conection first but that was easy. (just click on the icon in the lower right corner and select your connection). I started the updater and it began downloading everyting to update my O/S. After about 15 minutes it asked for a reboot.

I felt like I was at a milestone. I was ready to try out EeeXubuntu for the first time in all its glory. It booted quickly and before I knew it I was at the screen to enter my login info. I did and it finnished the boot. My wireless connection was automatic this time. No problems there. If you make it to this point you are ready to go on with the list of know issues and fixes in the wiki. This is where I found out about the password problem. it wouldnt let me edit in root on mousepad. after I enetered the commands and my short password in terminal the mousepad would open with a blank page and the warning at the top about changes made inroot could be dangerous. It was s simple fix, I went into the system>users & groups> and eidited my account info to change my password, reboot and waaaalllaa. that fixed it.

It took me a while to figure things out but once I did, following the instructions to te letter in the wiki worked great.
(a warning to new people like me, you MUST use the exact keys/fonts as they are listed in the wiki. You cannot substitue upper and lower case letters)
I recommend going trough the list that the wiki gives you in the order listed. If you mess something up then its easier to go back and fix it.

I could write 10 more pages about the trails and tribulations of fixing the know issues of this install but I think everyone will have a different experience with this. In my particular case I was learning from the beginning and as I went along. Suffice to say that I have completed almost the entire list and EeeXubuntu is up and running strong. I can tell you that my confidence level has gone up ten fold in just a couple of days using linux. The installation seems scary at first but even if your a novice, newby, noob like me you can do it too.

I think you will like EeeXubuntu r3, I know I do so far!
I have also installed:

Open Office 2.3 & Konqueror (they work great)

Post Script:
I am writing this on my Eee using Open office Writer and testing the battery at the same time. So far the battery has lasted 3 hours and 15 minutes with full screen brightness and wifi on. The meter that was automatically installed for me seems to work well, it shows 13% remaining.

Credit once more to Wyowind.

It all goes to show, that with a little effort, the change to Linux isn’t really that hard. After a few months, you’ll find yourself reasonably proficient in the ‘duanting terminal’.

With around 3GB of the 4GB of space on the standard Eee, you’ll either be needing to buy some extra storage in the shape of an SDHC card or free up some space on the hard drive. Now there are a few tricks to free up space on your Eee’s hard drive — I must warn that I’ve not tried these on Xandros, as I don’t use it. Although, in principle, they should still work.I would recommend the first and third methods to most users, and leave the second one to advanced Linux users.

Tidying up apt-get

The first method is to simply clean up your apt-get cache. You will only find this usefull if you’ve installed and removed programs on your machine; otherwise, I doubt it will do a thing, as the cache will already be empty. Numerous users have seen large amounts of space freed up from this, whilst others have barely seen a change. Therefore it’s not too difficult to conclude that results will vary. This process is very simple and is, in theory, completely harmless and no issues will ever arise due to its use.

All you need to do is fire up a terminal and run the following two commands:

sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get clean

The autoremove command will remove any orphaned packages; packages that are installed, but are not used by anything and can’t be used on their own. The clean command will then clean out the package cache.

Removing unneeded drivers

Be warned, this is an advanced method and doesn’t really give you much space back. As the video driver folder is only 5 megabytes in the first place; but even 5 megabytes are precious when you only have 4000 in the first place.

Please note that removing drivers that are needed will cause serious problems to your system. So I’d leave this one to those who know what they are doing (so make sure you know what you doing!) To be on the safe side I believe all the drivers referencing amd, ati, s3, nv, and savage are removable. As the Eee Pc doesn’t use any AMD, ATI, S3, or nVidia components.

To get to the folder in question, with the permission to delete files use this command in the terminal:

sudo nautilus /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/

Compressing the usr directory

You’ll notice the usr directory is massive, even without doing anything to the operating system. It will most likely stand around 1.5GB for most users, and even if this only gets a third of that back it will be a great improvement.

The following information was originally by Paul Battley, I’ve made the odd change here and there. As I found the original guide to be so good I decided to use it as a base for the information provided here.

squashfs lets you compress a filesystem, but it’s read-only. unionfs, meanwhile, allows you to overlay a writable filesystem on top to allow changes to the data. Obviously, the more you change the data, the more disk space is used, but it’s always possible to recompress and recover the space later on. So, you’d be better off installing and removing all the packages you think you will want, before running this process; in addition, it’s probably a good idea to run this process every now and again. Personally, I believe every 6 months will probably suffice, but this would vary depending on how much you change the installed components.

All the commands I’m going to give here need to be run as root, and I’m going to assume basic Linux competence. If it doesn’t make sense to you, you probably shouldn’t try it!

In order to run as root, run the following command

sudo su

You will then be asked for your password, please avoid using this command often. It makes it easy to break your system!

Step 1 is to install a couple of packages:

apt-get install squashfs-tools unionfs-tools

Then make a space for your compressed filesystem and overlay:

mkdir -p /.filesystems/usr/overlay

And compress your filesystem:

mksquashfs /usr /.filesystems/usr/usr.sqfs

Add these lines to /etc/modules:

unionfs
squashfs
loop

… and these lines to /etc/fstab:

/.filesystems/usr/usr.sqfs /usr squashfs ro,loop,nodev 0 0
unionfs /usr unionfs nodev,noatime,dirs=/.filesystems/usr/overlay=rw:/usr=ro 0 0

Next, reboot from a live distribution on a USB stick, CD, or SD card, mount the internal root partition, and move aside the old /usr directory:

mkdir /mnt/sda1
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1
mv /mnt/sda1/usr /mnt/sda1/usr.old
mkdir /mnt/sda1/usr

Reboot from the internal disk. Did it work? Then you can remove the /usr.old directory to reclaim the space.

Again thanks to Paul Battley for the compression information.